Tuesday, 13 May 2025

Tears - nalan's paintings


Tears - nalan's paintings Delve into the emotive depths of "Tears," an original oil and mixed media abstract painting by the talented Nalan Laluk. This medium-sized piece, measuring 40 cm in length and 50 cm in height, is a testament to the artist's unique vision, skillfully blending enamel, ink, and canvas to create a multifaceted artwork. The use of vivid colours and bold brush strokes imbues the piece with a sense of movement and life, making it a striking centrepiece for any gallery or living space. Crafted in the UK and signed by Laluk, "Tears" is a contemporary work from 2025, reflecting the artist's experimental approach to abstract landscape subjects. This piece is unframed, allowing the buyer the freedom to choose the perfect frame that complements their decor. It is accompanied by a Certificate of Authenticity, ensuring its originality and value as a collector's item. With its blend of modern style and personal handcrafted touch, "Tears" is a singularly impactful work

Peaks - nalan's paintings


Peaks - nalan's paintings  Capturing the essence of modern abstraction, "Peaks" is an original mixed media painting by the talented Nalan Laluk. This piece, steeped in the rich traditions of Post-Impressionism and Modernism, interprets the vibrant energy of cityscapes and landscapes through a captivating array of colours and textures. Executed on canvas with oil painting techniques, "Peaks" is a one-of-a-kind artwork that stands as a testament to the artist's unique vision. Measuring 50 cm in length, 40 cm in height, and 2 cm in width, this medium-sized painting will make a striking addition to any contemporary space. Each brushstroke tells a story, with Laluk's signature adding authenticity and originality. The painting is unframed, providing the flexibility to match any decor. A Certificate of Authenticity, issued by the artist, ensures the buyer is acquiring a genuine piece of art.

Sunday, 11 May 2025

Manifest Destiny and Trump


[Image: "American Progress" by John Gast, 1872]

The term "Manifest Destiny" describes the belief of many 19th century Americans that they were destined to rule the North American continent; that they had a "divine right" to dominate the lands between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The idea, if not the term, was unabashedly imperialist but even today, many political commentators seem to shy away from calling US expansion "imperialist." Donald Trump is a firm believer in Manifest Destiny, even if he knows little if anything of its history.

The phrase "Manifest Destiny" came into use after 1845, when newspaper editor and expansionist advocate John O'Sullivan used it. The timing was not coincidental. The US was in the process of annexing Texas, which had gained independence from Mexico in 1836. The US would soon be at war with Mexico, a war that was driven by expansionist ambitions. 

The plunder included what are now the states of California, Arizona, and New Mexico, and parts of Nevada, Utah, and Colorado. Some expansionists, including Jane Cazneau, who used the term "manifest destiny" before O'Sullivan, advocated the annexation of the rest of Mexico. 

That never happened, mainly because Manifest Destiny was a thoroughly racist ideology. It envisioned an American empire made up of white Europeans (plus their African slaves). Mexico was inhabited by large numbers of Native Americans (AKA "Indians") and people of mixed race who could not be part of the divine American mission.

The same thinking operates today. Trump has never spoken of annexing Mexico, because it is full of the sort of "criminal" and "inferior" people he claims are threatening the US. He has, however, repeatedly spoken of a US annexation of Canada, a predominately European white country. 

Advocates of manifest destiny also viewed Canada as a an area ripe for US expansion. Some expansionists demanded that Great Britain cede all of the Northwest Oregon Territory up to the border of Alaska. |Their cry was "54-40 or Fight". War threatened in 1846 but was avoided when the two countries agreed to a border on the 49th parallel. The peaceful resolution was partly due to the fact that the US was about to embark on the war against Mexico. To fight the British Empire at the same time would have been foolhardy. Of course, no one consulted the Native Americans who lived in the region.

Although the term "Manifest Destiny" emerged during the 1840s, the idea was expressed much earlier in American history, indeed at the very birth of the nation. It was annunciated clearly by William Henry Drayton of South Carolina in 1776. In that year, Cherokee bands attacked European settlers encroaching on their lands in the upcountry of the Carolinas and Virginia. The war that followed ended in a crushing defeat for the Cherokee. Many of their towns were destroyed, and they lost much of their historic land.

Drayton, a fervent advocate of American independence, viewed the war as an opportunity. At the time, he was serving as the Chief Justice of the newly independent state South Carolina. Drayton proposed that the defeated Cherokee be "extirpated" as a nation, that their lands "become the property of the American public," and that captives "become the property of the taker."

Drayton declared that the new nation had a divine mission. God had chosen the "American Empire" as his tool to advance the cause of liberty. The Lord had previously chosen Britain for this mission, but the British government had violated divine intentions by "trying to enslave the American people." Like other "Patriot" slaveholders, Drayton failed to see the irony in his own rhetoric. 

In his role as Chief Justice, Drayton also recommended the suspension of due process. A state court charged fourteen "Tories" with treason and sentenced them to death. Their "crime" had been fighting with the Cherokee against the new independent states. Drayton commented that he would have hanged them without a trial, thus advocating what soon became known as "lynching." The sitting "President" of South Carolina, John Rutledge, pardoned them. 

During the War for Independence, partisans on both sides employed lynchings. Nowhere was it more common than the backcountry of South Carolina. Among those lynched were blacks who supported the British, something Rutledge did support. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, blacks became the main victims of lynchings. 

Drayton may not have used the term "manifest destiny" but his statements and actions show that the idea a divine mission was present from the infancy of the American Republic. The popularity of his ideas and methods was an unfortunate omen for the new nation. 

Like Trump, Drayton employed populist rhetoric to convey his ideas of a divine mission to the public. Trump doesn't use the term "manifest destiny" either, but he is echoing when he says that Greenland and Canada should belong to the US. It is also noteworthy that Trump has not threatened to annex Mexico, because it is supposedly inhabited by the sort of "bad people," he has sworn to deport from the USA. In doing so, he is aligning the country with the imperialists of the nineteenth century.

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